Israel is grappling with a significant reduction in water supply as an extensive algae bloom disrupts operations at five of its six main desalination plants. The bloom, which stretches up to 100 kilometers along the Mediterranean coast, has clogged filtration systems, temporarily shutting down these critical facilities.
Environmental experts have attributed the intensified marine pollution to the discharge of untreated wastewater from Gaza. The destruction of wastewater treatment infrastructure in Gaza has led to sewage flowing into the Mediterranean, enriching the water with nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, which can exacerbate algae growth.
The algae bloom has particularly impacted desalination capacity in southern Israel, with several plants still operating below normal levels. In response, water authorities have urged residents to conserve water, and farmers in the affected areas have been advised to halt irrigation activities.
Meanwhile, Gaza faces its own severe water and sanitation crisis. All five of its wastewater treatment plants are reportedly non-operational, resulting in approximately 45,000 cubic meters of untreated sewage entering the Mediterranean daily. Additionally, about 15,000 cubic meters of untreated waste is believed to seep into groundwater through soakaway pits.
The ongoing destruction and damage to water infrastructure in Gaza have left many Palestinians reliant on water trucks. Contaminated water sources, damaged sewage networks, and stagnant wastewater are increasing the risks of diarrhoea, skin infections, and other waterborne diseases among the population.
Environmental organizations warn that the effects of the conflict extend beyond Gaza’s borders, posing further risks to Israel’s desalination infrastructure and public health. Israeli environmental groups are advocating for the restoration of Gaza’s wastewater system and proper management of untreated sewage to prevent broader ecological consequences for the Mediterranean environment.